February 2022 - routing-wg - mailman.ripe.net

New on RIPE Labs: Internet Clouds are (also) Unpredictable
by Mirjam Kuehne 01 Mar '22

01 Mar '22

Dear colleagues, How does the largest cloud provider worldwide perform Traffic-Engineering? What are the implications for the geo-distributed applications running in the cloud? Marco Chiesa and his colleagues explored these and more questions through a comprehensive set of measurements across the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud network. Please find the results on RIPE Labs: https://labs.ripe.net/Members/marco_chiesa/internet-clouds-are-also-unpredi… Marco will be a RACI fellow at RIPE 79 and will present his research there. Kind regards, Mirjam Kühne RIPE NCC

2 2

Weekly Global IPv4 Routing Table Report
by Routing Table Analysis Role Account 25 Feb '22

25 Feb '22

This is an automated weekly mailing describing the state of the Global IPv4 Routing Table as seen from APNIC's router in Japan. The posting is sent to APOPS, NANOG, AfNOG, SANOG, PacNOG, SAFNOG TZNOG, MENOG, BJNOG, SDNOG, CMNOG, LACNOG and the RIPE Routing WG. Daily listings are sent to bgp-stats(a)lists.apnic.net. For historical data, please see https://thyme.apnic.net. If you have any comments please contact Philip Smith <pfsinoz(a)gmail.com>. IPv4 Routing Table Report 04:00 +10GMT Sat 26 Feb, 2022 BGP Table (Global) as seen in Japan. Report Website: https://thyme.apnic.net Detailed Analysis: https://thyme.apnic.net/current/ Analysis Summary ---------------- BGP routing table entries examined: 889606 Prefixes after maximum aggregation (per Origin AS): 335572 Deaggregation factor: 2.65 Unique aggregates announced (without unneeded subnets): 428228 Total ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 72908 Prefixes per ASN: 12.20 Origin-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 62551 Origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 25795 Transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 10357 Transit-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 383 Average AS path length visible in the Internet Routing Table: 4.3 Max AS path length visible: 53 Max AS path prepend of ASN (265020) 50 Prefixes from unregistered ASNs in the Routing Table: 903 Number of instances of unregistered ASNs: 906 Number of 32-bit ASNs allocated by the RIRs: 38651 Number of 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 32221 Prefixes from 32-bit ASNs in the Routing Table: 150454 Number of bogon 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 22 Special use prefixes present in the Routing Table: 1 Prefixes being announced from unallocated address space: 504 Number of addresses announced to Internet: 3068244224 Equivalent to 182 /8s, 225 /16s and 177 /24s Percentage of available address space announced: 82.9 Percentage of allocated address space announced: 82.9 Percentage of available address space allocated: 100.0 Percentage of address space in use by end-sites: 99.5 Total number of prefixes smaller than registry allocations: 300926 APNIC Region Analysis Summary ----------------------------- Prefixes being announced by APNIC Region ASes: 233321 Total APNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 66019 APNIC Deaggregation factor: 3.53 Prefixes being announced from the APNIC address blocks: 228154 Unique aggregates announced from the APNIC address blocks: 94305 APNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 12445 APNIC Prefixes per ASN: 18.33 APNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 3575 APNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1715 Average APNIC Region AS path length visible: 4.6 Max APNIC Region AS path length visible: 29 Number of APNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 7637 Number of APNIC addresses announced to Internet: 773963648 Equivalent to 46 /8s, 33 /16s and 191 /24s APNIC AS Blocks 4608-4864, 7467-7722, 9216-10239, 17408-18431 (pre-ERX allocations) 23552-24575, 37888-38911, 45056-46079, 55296-56319, 58368-59391, 63488-64098, 64297-64395, 131072-151865 APNIC Address Blocks 1/8, 14/8, 27/8, 36/8, 39/8, 42/8, 43/8, 49/8, 58/8, 59/8, 60/8, 61/8, 101/8, 103/8, 106/8, 110/8, 111/8, 112/8, 113/8, 114/8, 115/8, 116/8, 117/8, 118/8, 119/8, 120/8, 121/8, 122/8, 123/8, 124/8, 125/8, 126/8, 133/8, 150/8, 153/8, 163/8, 171/8, 175/8, 180/8, 182/8, 183/8, 202/8, 203/8, 210/8, 211/8, 218/8, 219/8, 220/8, 221/8, 222/8, 223/8, ARIN Region Analysis Summary ---------------------------- Prefixes being announced by ARIN Region ASes: 259328 Total ARIN prefixes after maximum aggregation: 119363 ARIN Deaggregation factor: 2.17 Prefixes being announced from the ARIN address blocks: 259441 Unique aggregates announced from the ARIN address blocks: 123680 ARIN Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 18993 ARIN Prefixes per ASN: 13.66 ARIN Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 6896 ARIN Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1971 Average ARIN Region AS path length visible: 3.8 Max ARIN Region AS path length visible: 35 Number of ARIN region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 4372 Number of ARIN addresses announced to Internet: 1295641344 Equivalent to 77 /8s, 57 /16s and 235 /24s ARIN AS Blocks 1-1876, 1902-2042, 2044-2046, 2048-2106 (pre-ERX allocations) 2138-2584, 2615-2772, 2823-2829, 2880-3153 3354-4607, 4865-5119, 5632-6655, 6912-7466 7723-8191, 10240-12287, 13312-15359, 16384-17407 18432-20479, 21504-23551, 25600-26591, 26624-27647, 29696-30719, 31744-33791 35840-36863, 39936-40959, 46080-47103 53248-55295, 62464-63487, 64198-64296, 393216-401308 ARIN Address Blocks 3/8, 4/8, 6/8, 7/8, 8/8, 9/8, 11/8, 12/8, 13/8, 15/8, 16/8, 17/8, 18/8, 19/8, 20/8, 21/8, 22/8, 23/8, 24/8, 26/8, 28/8, 29/8, 30/8, 32/8, 33/8, 34/8, 35/8, 38/8, 40/8, 44/8, 47/8, 48/8, 50/8, 52/8, 53/8, 54/8, 55/8, 56/8, 57/8, 63/8, 64/8, 65/8, 66/8, 67/8, 68/8, 69/8, 70/8, 71/8, 72/8, 73/8, 74/8, 75/8, 76/8, 96/8, 97/8, 98/8, 99/8, 100/8, 104/8, 107/8, 108/8, 128/8, 129/8, 130/8, 131/8, 132/8, 134/8, 135/8, 136/8, 137/8, 138/8, 139/8, 140/8, 142/8, 143/8, 144/8, 146/8, 147/8, 148/8, 149/8, 152/8, 155/8, 156/8, 157/8, 158/8, 159/8, 160/8, 161/8, 162/8, 164/8, 165/8, 166/8, 167/8, 168/8, 169/8, 170/8, 172/8, 173/8, 174/8, 184/8, 192/8, 198/8, 199/8, 204/8, 205/8, 206/8, 207/8, 208/8, 209/8, 214/8, 215/8, 216/8, RIPE Region Analysis Summary ---------------------------- Prefixes being announced by RIPE Region ASes: 254310 Total RIPE prefixes after maximum aggregation: 116718 RIPE Deaggregation factor: 2.18 Prefixes being announced from the RIPE address blocks: 250792 Unique aggregates announced from the RIPE address blocks: 149315 RIPE Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 28162 RIPE Prefixes per ASN: 8.91 RIPE Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 12103 RIPE Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 3977 Average RIPE Region AS path length visible: 4.3 Max RIPE Region AS path length visible: 32 Number of RIPE region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 10652 Number of RIPE addresses announced to Internet: 713886080 Equivalent to 42 /8s, 141 /16s and 9 /24s RIPE AS Blocks 1877-1901, 2043, 2047, 2107-2136, 2585-2614 (pre-ERX allocations) 2773-2822, 2830-2879, 3154-3353, 5377-5631 6656-6911, 8192-9215, 12288-13311, 15360-16383 20480-21503, 24576-25599, 28672-29695 30720-31743, 33792-35839, 38912-39935 40960-45055, 47104-52223, 56320-58367 59392-61439, 61952-62463, 64396-64495 196608-213403 RIPE Address Blocks 2/8, 5/8, 25/8, 31/8, 37/8, 46/8, 51/8, 62/8, 77/8, 78/8, 79/8, 80/8, 81/8, 82/8, 83/8, 84/8, 85/8, 86/8, 87/8, 88/8, 89/8, 90/8, 91/8, 92/8, 93/8, 94/8, 95/8, 109/8, 141/8, 145/8, 151/8, 176/8, 178/8, 185/8, 188/8, 193/8, 194/8, 195/8, 212/8, 213/8, 217/8, LACNIC Region Analysis Summary ------------------------------ Prefixes being announced by LACNIC Region ASes: 114243 Total LACNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 27407 LACNIC Deaggregation factor: 4.17 Prefixes being announced from the LACNIC address blocks: 114932 Unique aggregates announced from the LACNIC address blocks: 48626 LACNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 10942 LACNIC Prefixes per ASN: 10.50 LACNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 2662 LACNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 2216 Average LACNIC Region AS path length visible: 4.9 Max LACNIC Region AS path length visible: 53 Number of LACNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 8628 Number of LACNIC addresses announced to Internet: 176664064 Equivalent to 10 /8s, 135 /16s and 174 /24s LACNIC AS Blocks 26592-26623, 27648-28671, 52224-53247, 61440-61951, 64099-64197, 262144-273820 + ERX transfers LACNIC Address Blocks 177/8, 179/8, 181/8, 186/8, 187/8, 189/8, 190/8, 191/8, 200/8, 201/8, AfriNIC Region Analysis Summary ------------------------------- Prefixes being announced by AfriNIC Region ASes: 27501 Total AfriNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 5383 AfriNIC Deaggregation factor: 5.11 Prefixes being announced from the AfriNIC address blocks: 35783 Unique aggregates announced from the AfriNIC address blocks: 11861 AfriNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1600 AfriNIC Prefixes per ASN: 22.36 AfriNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 559 AfriNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 313 Average AfriNIC Region AS path length visible: 5.2 Max AfriNIC Region AS path length visible: 34 Number of AfriNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 932 Number of AfriNIC addresses announced to Internet: 107772416 Equivalent to 6 /8s, 108 /16s and 122 /24s AfriNIC AS Blocks 36864-37887, 327680-329727 & ERX transfers AfriNIC Address Blocks 41/8, 45/8, 102/8, 105/8, 154/8, 196/8, 197/8, APNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ---------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 9808 9082 8886 46 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communicati 7545 5879 788 691 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 4681 4192 74 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Rese 7552 3610 1330 19 VIETEL-AS-AP Viettel Group, VN 7713 3487 1038 51 TELKOMNET-AS-AP PT Telekomunikasi Indon 45899 3433 1880 57 VNPT-AS-VN VNPT Corp, VN 4766 2544 11122 623 KIXS-AS-KR Korea Telecom, KR 9498 2380 475 238 BBIL-AP BHARTI Airtel Ltd., IN 45090 2170 1438 79 TENCENT-NET-AP Shenzhen Tencent Compute 4755 2112 429 198 TATACOMM-AS TATA Communications formerl Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-APNIC ARIN Region per AS prefix count summary --------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 16509 6340 10198 2695 AMAZON-02, US 11492 4444 295 737 CABLEONE, US 22773 3960 3029 368 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US 7155 3895 263 26 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE, US 16625 3659 1888 2573 AKAMAI-AS, US 6327 3389 1318 62 SHAW, CA 749 2887 50780 2143 DNIC-AS-00749, US 30036 2610 374 156 MEDIACOM-ENTERPRISE-BUSINESS, US 209 2522 4962 429 CENTURYLINK-US-LEGACY-QWEST, US 20115 2261 3042 499 CHARTER-20115, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-ARIN RIPE Region per AS prefix count summary --------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 12479 6804 1729 149 UNI2-AS, ES 9121 6757 1692 17 TTNET, TR 8551 4014 378 39 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Interne 20940 3908 3348 213 AKAMAI-ASN1, NL 39891 3274 188 25 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 12389 2962 2290 910 ROSTELECOM-AS, RU 9009 2465 249 1284 M247, GB 34984 2234 358 606 TELLCOM-AS, TR 47331 1963 316 1496 TTNET, TR 58224 1782 929 579 TCI, IR Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-RIPE LACNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ----------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 8151 10353 3415 566 Uninet S.A. de C.V., MX 10620 3472 520 695 Telmex Colombia S.A., CO 11830 2459 369 62 Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad 13999 1688 288 471 Mega Cable, S.A. de C.V., MX 6503 1440 354 523 Axtel, S.A.B. de C.V., MX 28573 1399 2332 247 CLARO S.A., BR 3816 1252 662 144 COLOMBIA TELECOMUNICACIONES S.A. ESP, C 26615 1149 2350 139 TIM SA, BR 6147 1089 369 21 Telefonica del Peru S.A.A., PE 11664 1004 191 447 Techtel LMDS Comunicaciones Interactiva Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-LACNIC AfriNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ------------------------------------------ ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 24863 1592 393 21 LINKdotNET-AS, EG 24835 1545 523 32 RAYA-AS, EG 36992 1301 1518 262 ETISALAT-MISR, EG 36903 1199 545 114 MT-MPLS, MA 29571 903 64 62 ORANGE-COTE-IVOIRE, CI 36935 730 521 39 Vodafone-, EG 6713 612 1863 34 IAM-AS, MA 15399 518 51 34 WANANCHI-, KE 37342 469 32 1 MOVITEL, MZ 23889 422 232 16 MauritiusTelecom, MU Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-AFRINIC Global Per AS prefix count summary ---------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 8151 10353 3415 566 Uninet S.A. de C.V., MX 9808 9082 8886 46 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communicati 12479 6804 1729 149 UNI2-AS, ES 9121 6757 1692 17 TTNET, TR 16509 6340 10198 2695 AMAZON-02, US 7545 5879 788 691 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 4681 4192 74 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Rese 11492 4444 295 737 CABLEONE, US 8551 4014 378 39 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Interne 22773 3960 3029 368 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet Global Per AS Maximum Aggregation summary ----------------------------------------- ASN No of nets Net Savings Description 9808 9082 9036 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communications Grou 9121 6757 6740 TTNET, TR 12479 6804 6655 UNI2-AS, ES 7545 5879 5188 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 4681 4607 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Research Net 8551 4014 3975 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Internet Backbo 7155 3895 3869 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE, US 11492 4444 3707 CABLEONE, US 20940 3908 3695 AKAMAI-ASN1, NL 16509 6340 3645 AMAZON-02, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-CIDRnet List of Unregistered Origin ASNs (Global) ----------------------------------------- Bad AS Designation Net Originated Transit AS Transit AS Name 46990 UNALLOCATED 8.5.242.0/23 3356 LEVEL3, US 62828 UNALLOCATED 8.21.130.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 393266 UNALLOCATED 8.23.52.0/24 46887 LIGHTOWER, US 18604 UNALLOCATED 8.25.204.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 394936 UNALLOCATED 8.33.224.0/24 22442 HOU-PHONOSCOPE, US 54338 UNALLOCATED 8.33.241.0/24 6461 ZAYO-6461, US 395438 UNALLOCATED 8.42.206.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 395056 UNALLOCATED 8.45.133.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 32306 UNALLOCATED 8.46.80.0/24 33652 CMCS, US 17033 UNALLOCATED 8.48.225.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-badAS Prefixes from the Special Purpose Address Registry (Global) ----------------------------------------------------------- Prefix Origin AS Description 192.88.99.0/24 6939 HURRICANE, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-spar Advertised Unallocated Addresses -------------------------------- Unassigned Network ASN Information AS Name 23.141.0.0/24 Origin: 395350 UNASSIGNED 23.141.0.0/24 Transit: 11426 TWC-11426-CAROLINAS, US 23.252.160.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.160.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US 23.252.161.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.161.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US 23.252.163.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.163.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US 23.252.164.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.164.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-add-IANA Number of prefixes announced per prefix length (Global) ------------------------------------------------------- /1:0 /2:0 /3:0 /4:0 /5:0 /6:0 /7:0 /8:16 /9:13 /10:40 /11:102 /12:305 /13:591 /14:1206 /15:2029 /16:13580 /17:8351 /18:13885 /19:25147 /20:43168 /21:52394 /22:108459 /23:95426 /24:524098 /25:796 /26:0 /27:0 /28:0 /29:0 /30:0 /31:0 /32:0 Advertised prefixes smaller than registry allocations ----------------------------------------------------- ASN No of nets Total ann. Description 9121 5915 6757 TTNET, TR 12479 5775 6804 UNI2-AS, ES 8151 4019 10353 Uninet S.A. de C.V., MX 8551 3479 4014 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Internet Backbo 11492 3358 4444 CABLEONE, US 6327 3201 3389 SHAW, CA 7155 2988 3895 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE, US 22773 2951 3960 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US 39891 2810 3274 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 30036 2266 2610 MEDIACOM-ENTERPRISE-BUSINESS, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-sXXas-nos Number of /24s announced per /8 block (Global) ---------------------------------------------- 1:1724 2:991 3:151 4:7 5:3775 6:103 7:5 8:1561 9:1 11:172 12:1719 13:416 14:2388 15:168 16:42 17:374 18:141 20:166 21:4 22:188 23:5497 24:2310 25:6 27:2609 29:19 31:2427 32:96 34:1 35:62 36:1747 37:3949 38:2595 39:691 40:150 41:3901 42:837 43:2101 44:295 45:16024 46:3902 47:337 49:1677 50:1914 51:107 52:1364 53:1 54:294 55:771 56:8 57:58 58:1773 59:1193 60:966 61:2273 62:2450 63:1940 64:5506 65:2302 66:4878 67:2943 68:1186 69:4142 70:1346 71:670 72:3079 74:2614 75:1517 76:721 77:2127 78:3856 79:3103 80:1966 81:1668 82:1461 83:1207 84:1336 85:3636 86:726 87:1945 88:2647 89:3239 90:509 91:7548 92:1886 93:2592 94:3284 95:4491 96:1310 97:345 98:990 99:861 100:75 101:1036 102:1961 103:28323 104:4230 105:463 106:857 107:2486 108:783 109:4202 110:2065 111:3279 112:1990 113:1506 114:1508 115:1955 116:1902 117:2507 118:2255 119:1858 120:1664 121:1059 122:2559 123:2115 124:1614 125:2107 128:1295 129:1182 130:919 131:2084 132:760 133:372 134:1930 135:289 136:866 137:865 138:2440 139:1223 140:889 141:1368 142:1267 143:1459 144:1225 145:344 146:1788 147:1471 148:2208 149:1699 150:859 151:1079 152:1834 153:454 154:3543 155:1423 156:1877 157:1231 158:1023 159:2057 160:2410 161:1297 162:3455 163:1221 164:1666 165:1577 166:657 167:1713 168:3712 169:681 170:4410 171:825 172:3032 173:3064 174:1020 175:1128 176:3503 177:4585 178:3104 179:1966 180:2276 181:2932 182:3305 183:1929 184:2389 185:19303 186:4302 187:3580 188:3846 189:3055 190:8846 191:1313 192:11060 193:8534 194:6930 195:4981 196:2904 197:2346 198:6017 199:5995 200:7522 201:5661 202:10438 203:9985 204:4560 205:3370 206:3806 207:3378 208:4010 209:4643 210:4246 211:2453 212:3950 213:3383 214:1161 215:64 216:6399 217:2635 218:1242 219:598 220:1948 221:988 222:859 223:2170 End of report

1 0

misconceptions about ROV
by Randy Bush 21 Feb '22

21 Feb '22

lately, i am getting flak about ROV not providing protection from this or that malicious attack. indeed it does not. in the ROV design, we DELIBERATELY did NOT try to cover malicious attacks. we also did not try to solve world hunger. repeat 20 times: "ROV is not a security mechanism. it is only meant to ameliorate accidental misconfigurations." yes, a screwdriver sucks as a hammer. we do seem to see that route mis-originations are propagating less widely; and presume this is due to ROV, especially in top tier providers. this is good. and once more for good luck: "ROV is not a security mechanism. it is only meant to ameliorate accidental misconfigurations." randy

1 0

RPKI vulnerable?
by Hank Nussbacher 18 Feb '22

18 Feb '22

https://www.linkedin.com/posts/shulman_inter-domain-routing-connects-the-di… "We found that the current RPKI deployments are vulnerable - cyber criminals can disable RPKI in any network in the Internet. We evaluated such RPKI disabling attacks in the global Internet and found all the RPKI protected networks to be vulnerable. Often such attacks are extremely stealthy and do not trigger alerts. These attacks can be launched not only by governments, but also by cybercriminals and hackers. We are working with large network providers and registrars on mitigating the vulnerabilities in RPKI deployments. Nevertheless, until the RPKI in the global Internet is patched, we caution that the operators should use additional measures to ensure that they do not fall prey to prefix hijacks." Hmmmm. -Hank

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Weekly Global IPv4 Routing Table Report
by Routing Table Analysis Role Account 18 Feb '22

18 Feb '22

This is an automated weekly mailing describing the state of the Global IPv4 Routing Table as seen from APNIC's router in Japan. The posting is sent to APOPS, NANOG, AfNOG, SANOG, PacNOG, SAFNOG TZNOG, MENOG, BJNOG, SDNOG, CMNOG, LACNOG and the RIPE Routing WG. Daily listings are sent to bgp-stats(a)lists.apnic.net. For historical data, please see https://thyme.apnic.net. If you have any comments please contact Philip Smith <pfsinoz(a)gmail.com>. IPv4 Routing Table Report 04:00 +10GMT Sat 19 Feb, 2022 BGP Table (Global) as seen in Japan. Report Website: https://thyme.apnic.net Detailed Analysis: https://thyme.apnic.net/current/ Analysis Summary ---------------- BGP routing table entries examined: 888099 Prefixes after maximum aggregation (per Origin AS): 335036 Deaggregation factor: 2.65 Unique aggregates announced (without unneeded subnets): 427841 Total ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 72856 Prefixes per ASN: 12.19 Origin-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 62489 Origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 25791 Transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 10367 Transit-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 378 Average AS path length visible in the Internet Routing Table: 4.3 Max AS path length visible: 53 Max AS path prepend of ASN (265020) 50 Prefixes from unregistered ASNs in the Routing Table: 945 Number of instances of unregistered ASNs: 949 Number of 32-bit ASNs allocated by the RIRs: 38594 Number of 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 32152 Prefixes from 32-bit ASNs in the Routing Table: 150010 Number of bogon 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 24 Special use prefixes present in the Routing Table: 1 Prefixes being announced from unallocated address space: 523 Number of addresses announced to Internet: 3068725632 Equivalent to 182 /8s, 233 /16s and 9 /24s Percentage of available address space announced: 82.9 Percentage of allocated address space announced: 82.9 Percentage of available address space allocated: 100.0 Percentage of address space in use by end-sites: 99.5 Total number of prefixes smaller than registry allocations: 300697 APNIC Region Analysis Summary ----------------------------- Prefixes being announced by APNIC Region ASes: 232657 Total APNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 65852 APNIC Deaggregation factor: 3.53 Prefixes being announced from the APNIC address blocks: 227464 Unique aggregates announced from the APNIC address blocks: 94149 APNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 12389 APNIC Prefixes per ASN: 18.36 APNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 3556 APNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1715 Average APNIC Region AS path length visible: 4.5 Max APNIC Region AS path length visible: 29 Number of APNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 7585 Number of APNIC addresses announced to Internet: 773730816 Equivalent to 46 /8s, 30 /16s and 50 /24s APNIC AS Blocks 4608-4864, 7467-7722, 9216-10239, 17408-18431 (pre-ERX allocations) 23552-24575, 37888-38911, 45056-46079, 55296-56319, 58368-59391, 63488-64098, 64297-64395, 131072-151865 APNIC Address Blocks 1/8, 14/8, 27/8, 36/8, 39/8, 42/8, 43/8, 49/8, 58/8, 59/8, 60/8, 61/8, 101/8, 103/8, 106/8, 110/8, 111/8, 112/8, 113/8, 114/8, 115/8, 116/8, 117/8, 118/8, 119/8, 120/8, 121/8, 122/8, 123/8, 124/8, 125/8, 126/8, 133/8, 150/8, 153/8, 163/8, 171/8, 175/8, 180/8, 182/8, 183/8, 202/8, 203/8, 210/8, 211/8, 218/8, 219/8, 220/8, 221/8, 222/8, 223/8, ARIN Region Analysis Summary ---------------------------- Prefixes being announced by ARIN Region ASes: 258735 Total ARIN prefixes after maximum aggregation: 119151 ARIN Deaggregation factor: 2.17 Prefixes being announced from the ARIN address blocks: 258933 Unique aggregates announced from the ARIN address blocks: 123539 ARIN Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 18984 ARIN Prefixes per ASN: 13.64 ARIN Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 6895 ARIN Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1960 Average ARIN Region AS path length visible: 3.8 Max ARIN Region AS path length visible: 32 Number of ARIN region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 4356 Number of ARIN addresses announced to Internet: 1295998464 Equivalent to 77 /8s, 63 /16s and 94 /24s ARIN AS Blocks 1-1876, 1902-2042, 2044-2046, 2048-2106 (pre-ERX allocations) 2138-2584, 2615-2772, 2823-2829, 2880-3153 3354-4607, 4865-5119, 5632-6655, 6912-7466 7723-8191, 10240-12287, 13312-15359, 16384-17407 18432-20479, 21504-23551, 25600-26591, 26624-27647, 29696-30719, 31744-33791 35840-36863, 39936-40959, 46080-47103 53248-55295, 62464-63487, 64198-64296, 393216-401308 ARIN Address Blocks 3/8, 4/8, 6/8, 7/8, 8/8, 9/8, 11/8, 12/8, 13/8, 15/8, 16/8, 17/8, 18/8, 19/8, 20/8, 21/8, 22/8, 23/8, 24/8, 26/8, 28/8, 29/8, 30/8, 32/8, 33/8, 34/8, 35/8, 38/8, 40/8, 44/8, 47/8, 48/8, 50/8, 52/8, 53/8, 54/8, 55/8, 56/8, 57/8, 63/8, 64/8, 65/8, 66/8, 67/8, 68/8, 69/8, 70/8, 71/8, 72/8, 73/8, 74/8, 75/8, 76/8, 96/8, 97/8, 98/8, 99/8, 100/8, 104/8, 107/8, 108/8, 128/8, 129/8, 130/8, 131/8, 132/8, 134/8, 135/8, 136/8, 137/8, 138/8, 139/8, 140/8, 142/8, 143/8, 144/8, 146/8, 147/8, 148/8, 149/8, 152/8, 155/8, 156/8, 157/8, 158/8, 159/8, 160/8, 161/8, 162/8, 164/8, 165/8, 166/8, 167/8, 168/8, 169/8, 170/8, 172/8, 173/8, 174/8, 184/8, 192/8, 198/8, 199/8, 204/8, 205/8, 206/8, 207/8, 208/8, 209/8, 214/8, 215/8, 216/8, RIPE Region Analysis Summary ---------------------------- Prefixes being announced by RIPE Region ASes: 254187 Total RIPE prefixes after maximum aggregation: 116585 RIPE Deaggregation factor: 2.18 Prefixes being announced from the RIPE address blocks: 250651 Unique aggregates announced from the RIPE address blocks: 149300 RIPE Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 28187 RIPE Prefixes per ASN: 8.89 RIPE Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 12128 RIPE Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 3981 Average RIPE Region AS path length visible: 4.3 Max RIPE Region AS path length visible: 32 Number of RIPE region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 10661 Number of RIPE addresses announced to Internet: 713880704 Equivalent to 42 /8s, 140 /16s and 244 /24s RIPE AS Blocks 1877-1901, 2043, 2047, 2107-2136, 2585-2614 (pre-ERX allocations) 2773-2822, 2830-2879, 3154-3353, 5377-5631 6656-6911, 8192-9215, 12288-13311, 15360-16383 20480-21503, 24576-25599, 28672-29695 30720-31743, 33792-35839, 38912-39935 40960-45055, 47104-52223, 56320-58367 59392-61439, 61952-62463, 64396-64495 196608-213403 RIPE Address Blocks 2/8, 5/8, 25/8, 31/8, 37/8, 46/8, 51/8, 62/8, 77/8, 78/8, 79/8, 80/8, 81/8, 82/8, 83/8, 84/8, 85/8, 86/8, 87/8, 88/8, 89/8, 90/8, 91/8, 92/8, 93/8, 94/8, 95/8, 109/8, 141/8, 145/8, 151/8, 176/8, 178/8, 185/8, 188/8, 193/8, 194/8, 195/8, 212/8, 213/8, 217/8, LACNIC Region Analysis Summary ------------------------------ Prefixes being announced by LACNIC Region ASes: 114057 Total LACNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 27367 LACNIC Deaggregation factor: 4.17 Prefixes being announced from the LACNIC address blocks: 114744 Unique aggregates announced from the LACNIC address blocks: 48538 LACNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 10938 LACNIC Prefixes per ASN: 10.49 LACNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 2661 LACNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 2221 Average LACNIC Region AS path length visible: 4.9 Max LACNIC Region AS path length visible: 53 Number of LACNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 8621 Number of LACNIC addresses announced to Internet: 176610816 Equivalent to 10 /8s, 134 /16s and 222 /24s LACNIC AS Blocks 26592-26623, 27648-28671, 52224-53247, 61440-61951, 64099-64197, 262144-273820 + ERX transfers LACNIC Address Blocks 177/8, 179/8, 181/8, 186/8, 187/8, 189/8, 190/8, 191/8, 200/8, 201/8, AfriNIC Region Analysis Summary ------------------------------- Prefixes being announced by AfriNIC Region ASes: 27518 Total AfriNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 5371 AfriNIC Deaggregation factor: 5.12 Prefixes being announced from the AfriNIC address blocks: 35784 Unique aggregates announced from the AfriNIC address blocks: 11855 AfriNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1595 AfriNIC Prefixes per ASN: 22.44 AfriNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 551 AfriNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 314 Average AfriNIC Region AS path length visible: 5.2 Max AfriNIC Region AS path length visible: 34 Number of AfriNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 929 Number of AfriNIC addresses announced to Internet: 108180224 Equivalent to 6 /8s, 114 /16s and 179 /24s AfriNIC AS Blocks 36864-37887, 327680-329727 & ERX transfers AfriNIC Address Blocks 41/8, 45/8, 102/8, 105/8, 154/8, 196/8, 197/8, APNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ---------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 9808 9066 8886 46 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communicati 7545 5874 788 691 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 4681 4192 74 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Rese 7552 3603 1330 19 VIETEL-AS-AP Viettel Group, VN 7713 3488 1038 51 TELKOMNET-AS-AP PT Telekomunikasi Indon 45899 3434 1880 57 VNPT-AS-VN VNPT Corp, VN 4766 2557 11123 631 KIXS-AS-KR Korea Telecom, KR 9498 2379 475 238 BBIL-AP BHARTI Airtel Ltd., IN 45090 2170 1438 79 TENCENT-NET-AP Shenzhen Tencent Compute 4755 2113 429 198 TATACOMM-AS TATA Communications formerl Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-APNIC ARIN Region per AS prefix count summary --------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 16509 6277 10186 2660 AMAZON-02, US 11492 4437 294 747 CABLEONE, US 22773 3957 3028 367 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US 7155 3899 264 31 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE, US 16625 3650 1883 2566 AKAMAI-AS, US 6327 3382 1318 62 SHAW, CA 749 2887 50780 2143 DNIC-AS-00749, US 30036 2617 375 123 MEDIACOM-ENTERPRISE-BUSINESS, US 209 2520 4962 428 CENTURYLINK-US-LEGACY-QWEST, US 20115 2255 3037 502 CHARTER-20115, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-ARIN RIPE Region per AS prefix count summary --------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 12479 6805 1731 150 UNI2-AS, ES 9121 6754 1692 17 TTNET, TR 8551 4014 378 39 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Interne 20940 3891 3347 207 AKAMAI-ASN1, NL 39891 3274 188 25 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 12389 2962 2290 910 ROSTELECOM-AS, RU 9009 2464 249 1282 M247, GB 34984 2240 359 605 TELLCOM-AS, TR 47331 1957 313 1494 TTNET, TR 58224 1791 929 579 TCI, IR Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-RIPE LACNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ----------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 8151 10310 3415 566 Uninet S.A. de C.V., MX 10620 3467 519 705 Telmex Colombia S.A., CO 11830 2457 369 62 Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad 13999 1668 285 474 Mega Cable, S.A. de C.V., MX 6503 1442 354 524 Axtel, S.A.B. de C.V., MX 28573 1397 2330 246 CLARO S.A., BR 3816 1251 660 146 COLOMBIA TELECOMUNICACIONES S.A. ESP, C 26615 1152 2351 140 TIM SA, BR 6147 1091 369 21 Telefonica del Peru S.A.A., PE 11664 999 191 448 Techtel LMDS Comunicaciones Interactiva Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-LACNIC AfriNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ------------------------------------------ ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 24863 1589 393 21 LINKdotNET-AS, EG 24835 1546 523 32 RAYA-AS, EG 36992 1299 1518 262 ETISALAT-MISR, EG 36903 1199 545 114 MT-MPLS, MA 29571 896 63 58 ORANGE-COTE-IVOIRE, CI 36935 734 521 39 Vodafone-, EG 6713 612 1863 34 IAM-AS, MA 15399 519 50 33 WANANCHI-, KE 37342 468 32 1 MOVITEL, MZ 23889 422 232 16 MauritiusTelecom, MU Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-AFRINIC Global Per AS prefix count summary ---------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 8151 10310 3415 566 Uninet S.A. de C.V., MX 9808 9066 8886 46 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communicati 12479 6805 1731 150 UNI2-AS, ES 9121 6754 1692 17 TTNET, TR 16509 6277 10186 2660 AMAZON-02, US 7545 5874 788 691 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 4681 4192 74 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Rese 11492 4437 294 747 CABLEONE, US 8551 4014 378 39 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Interne 22773 3957 3028 367 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet Global Per AS Maximum Aggregation summary ----------------------------------------- ASN No of nets Net Savings Description 9808 9066 9020 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communications Grou 9121 6754 6737 TTNET, TR 12479 6805 6655 UNI2-AS, ES 7545 5874 5183 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 4681 4607 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Research Net 8551 4014 3975 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Internet Backbo 7155 3899 3868 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE, US 11492 4437 3690 CABLEONE, US 20940 3891 3684 AKAMAI-ASN1, NL 16509 6277 3617 AMAZON-02, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-CIDRnet List of Unregistered Origin ASNs (Global) ----------------------------------------- Bad AS Designation Net Originated Transit AS Transit AS Name 46990 UNALLOCATED 8.5.242.0/23 3356 LEVEL3, US 62828 UNALLOCATED 8.21.130.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 393266 UNALLOCATED 8.23.52.0/24 46887 LIGHTOWER, US 18604 UNALLOCATED 8.25.204.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 394936 UNALLOCATED 8.33.224.0/24 22442 HOU-PHONOSCOPE, US 54338 UNALLOCATED 8.33.241.0/24 6461 ZAYO-6461, US 395438 UNALLOCATED 8.42.206.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 395056 UNALLOCATED 8.45.133.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 32306 UNALLOCATED 8.46.80.0/24 33652 CMCS, US 17033 UNALLOCATED 8.48.225.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-badAS Prefixes from the Special Purpose Address Registry (Global) ----------------------------------------------------------- Prefix Origin AS Description 192.88.99.0/24 6939 HURRICANE, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-spar Advertised Unallocated Addresses -------------------------------- Unassigned Network ASN Information AS Name 23.141.0.0/24 Origin: 395350 UNASSIGNED 23.141.0.0/24 Transit: 11426 TWC-11426-CAROLINAS, US 23.252.160.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.160.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US 23.252.161.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.161.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US 23.252.163.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.163.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US 23.252.164.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.164.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-add-IANA Number of prefixes announced per prefix length (Global) ------------------------------------------------------- /1:0 /2:0 /3:0 /4:0 /5:0 /6:0 /7:0 /8:16 /9:13 /10:40 /11:102 /12:305 /13:591 /14:1205 /15:2030 /16:13580 /17:8357 /18:13898 /19:25191 /20:43092 /21:52309 /22:108398 /23:95274 /24:522901 /25:797 /26:0 /27:0 /28:0 /29:0 /30:0 /31:0 /32:0 Advertised prefixes smaller than registry allocations ----------------------------------------------------- ASN No of nets Total ann. Description 9121 5913 6754 TTNET, TR 12479 5774 6805 UNI2-AS, ES 8151 3976 10310 Uninet S.A. de C.V., MX 8551 3479 4014 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Internet Backbo 11492 3357 4437 CABLEONE, US 6327 3194 3382 SHAW, CA 7155 2989 3899 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE, US 22773 2950 3957 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US 39891 2810 3274 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 30036 2272 2617 MEDIACOM-ENTERPRISE-BUSINESS, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-sXXas-nos Number of /24s announced per /8 block (Global) ---------------------------------------------- 1:1667 2:992 3:153 4:7 5:3793 6:103 7:5 8:1559 9:1 11:172 12:1718 13:415 14:2378 15:166 16:43 17:373 18:140 20:167 21:4 22:188 23:5492 24:2302 25:6 27:2608 29:19 31:2432 32:96 34:1 35:60 36:1728 37:3945 38:2567 39:687 40:149 41:3914 42:765 43:2094 44:292 45:16001 46:3896 47:336 49:1643 50:1916 51:107 52:1367 53:1 54:294 55:768 56:8 57:55 58:1765 59:1181 60:958 61:2274 62:2450 63:1941 64:5506 65:2307 66:4862 67:2939 68:1181 69:4170 70:1343 71:668 72:3064 74:2619 75:1516 76:717 77:2125 78:3854 79:3106 80:1969 81:1667 82:1459 83:1202 84:1340 85:3627 86:717 87:1945 88:2649 89:3233 90:510 91:7545 92:1890 93:2612 94:3264 95:4485 96:1308 97:346 98:994 99:859 100:75 101:1030 102:1965 103:28305 104:4162 105:464 106:862 107:2460 108:772 109:4197 110:2056 111:3241 112:1978 113:1499 114:1502 115:1950 116:1910 117:2511 118:2232 119:1830 120:1666 121:1038 122:2552 123:2112 124:1611 125:2111 128:1289 129:1181 130:923 131:2084 132:755 133:370 134:1925 135:283 136:857 137:863 138:2449 139:1222 140:888 141:1366 142:1256 143:1451 144:1229 145:342 146:1775 147:1471 148:2192 149:1699 150:860 151:1076 152:1827 153:448 154:3520 155:1356 156:1878 157:1229 158:1015 159:2047 160:2396 161:1302 162:3451 163:1226 164:1660 165:1569 166:638 167:1694 168:3718 169:682 170:4365 171:826 172:3018 173:3068 174:1021 175:1115 176:3541 177:4545 178:3039 179:1970 180:2278 181:2912 182:3235 183:1897 184:2387 185:19339 186:4302 187:3556 188:3849 189:3015 190:8828 191:1309 192:11052 193:8526 194:6923 195:4991 196:2922 197:2340 198:6008 199:5993 200:7512 201:5656 202:10429 203:9977 204:4558 205:3373 206:3793 207:3401 208:4011 209:4621 210:4241 211:2454 212:3950 213:3384 214:1156 215:64 216:6385 217:2641 218:1247 219:599 220:1950 221:987 222:859 223:2170 End of report

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RFO for RIPE NCC RPKI outage 16 February 2022
by Ties de Kock 17 Feb '22

17 Feb '22

Dear colleagues, This afternoon, between 13:00 UTC and 14:10 UTC rrdp.ripe.net was unavailable. During this period, a significant fraction of relying party instances attempting to fall back to rsync://rpki.ripe.net could not retrieve objects due to capacity constraints. At approximately 13:00 UTC, the RPKI team attempted to move the DNS records for rrdp.ripe.net from out of the ripe.net zone file into a separate include file. We did this change to prepare for implementing an automated failover between the CDNs. This resulted in an outage in the RRDP service, which was caused by an issue in the ripe.net zone file in the DNS zone. The file contains several $ORIGIN directives, but they are not reset properly when a block ends. The consequence is that later relative names in the zone file accidentally get the incorrect origin applied to them, and it is easy to miss this if the $ORIGIN directive appears much earlier in the file. To prevent such DNS issues in the future, all the blocks will be moved out of the main zone file into separate include files, because $ORIGIN directives in them do not persist beyond the end of the file. Also, earlier today, we hit an issue that our monitoring was broken due to a change in the prometheus configuration file. This reduced our visibility into the outage and meant no alerts were sent until this recovered. A third contributing factor was that a secondary monitoring system monitoring the RPKI prometheus infrastructure did not alert due to the web interface returning an HTTP 200 despite the broken configuration. A final factor was that the capacity of rsync://rpki.ripe.net is limited. Only part of the relying party instances that attempted to fall back could update from rsync. This prevented relying party instances from retrieving new objects. Full timeline: * 07:04 UTC: broken alert configuration committed * 08:46 UTC: broken alert configuration applied, breaking monitoring. * 13:02 UTC: DNS change (effectively removing rrdp.ripe.net from zone) applied * 13:44 UTC: alert configuration reverted * 14:10 UTC: DNS configuration recovered * 14:25 UTC: rsync connection rate back at baseline level During the period where rrdp.ripe.net was not available, many relying party instances started falling back to rsync. On partial data available, we observed a median rsync connection duration of 300 seconds, and 99th percentile of 1660 seconds, with ~55% of rsync connections disconnecting with an error code. Based on this preliminary data we conclude that this is indicative of underlying IO limitation in our NFS setup. We will further investigate this. During the period of outage, our rsync servers returned 5043 “max connection reached” errors to 2307 unique IP addresses. We have applied one mitigation (linting of alert configuration). We are also working on improving our external monitoring without a dependency on on-premise infrastructure. Kind regards, Ties

5 4

Re: [routing-wg] RFO for RIPE NCC RPKI outage 16 February 2022
by Job Snijders 16 Feb '22

16 Feb '22

On Wed, 16 Feb 2022 at 19:49, Rob Austein <sra(a)hactrn.net> wrote: > On Wed, 16 Feb 2022 13:10:27 -0500, Job Snijders wrote: > > On Wed, 16 Feb 2022 at 19:07, Randy Bush <randy(a)psg.com> wrote: > > > > sra commented to me that, an rp doing protocol fall-over from rrdp to > > rsync, or vice versa, has to do the full download as the data structure > > is so different. i.e. load spike > > > > Perhaps it doesn’t need to be a full load: “rsync ―compare-dest” > > (against a previously downloaded and validated set of signed > > objects) offers a path towards optimising the protocol fall-over. > > Even assuming the RRDP client stores and believes the rsync URIs in > the RRDP data stream, and further assuming that the client is clever > enough to write out its RRDP-derived database into a directory tree > which exactly matches an rsync filesystem layout before failing over, The OpenBSD RPKI validator does the above, while maintaining robust cryptographic integrity (in version 7.6 and higher). I hope other validators take inspiration from this, similar to how we (OpenBSD) took inspiration from the Dragon Labs implementation. Your work lives on and on, hat tip to you Rob! :-) RRDP doesn't convey things like file modification dates that rsync > needs to perform an efficient incremental transfer, so the first rsync > pass is still going to be expensive. > > Not obvious to me that there's any good way to optimize this. YMMV. > Ties once pointed me at the GPL rsync “-c” (checksum) option, which makes transfers more focussed on content rather than filesystem attributes. From my (openrsync) this is still work to be done. I see a path :-) Kind regards, Job

1 0

rsync://rpki.ripe.net rsyncd limits set too low?
by Job Snijders 16 Feb '22

16 Feb '22

Hi all, I noticed the RIPE NCC RRDP service (https://rrdp.ripe.net/) became unreachable at 2022-02-16 13:34:10 UTC+0 (and still is down). This RRDP outage event should not pose an issue for most RPKI validators, because most RPKI cache implementations (which follow best practises) will attempt to try to synchronize via RSYNC, in case RRDP is unavailable. However, it seems RIPE NCC adjusted the default rsyncd settings and lowered the concurrent connection count from 200 (which already is too low for RPKI Repository Servers) to 150? $ rsync --no-motd -rt rsync://rpki.ripe.net/repository/ @ERROR: max connections (150) reached -- try again later rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1666) [Receiver=3.1.2] I'm not familiar with the RIPE RPKI RSYNC service architecture, so the above error could be misleading: perhaps there is a loadbalancer distributing TCP sessions across multiple backends, each backend configured to serve up to 150 clients? Or perhaps there is a single rsyncd instance (in which case 150 definitely is too low). Is the RIPE NCC RPKI RSYNC service underprovisioned? If yes, why? Kind regards, Job

2 3

Open-sourcing of the RIPE NCC’s RPKI core software
by Bart Bakker 16 Feb '22

16 Feb '22

Dear colleagues, We are pleased to announce that we have published the source code used by the RIPE NCC for the RPKI back-end (the RPKI core) under the 3-Clause BSD licence on Github: https://github.com/RIPE-NCC/rpki-core <https://github.com/RIPE-NCC/rpki-core> The RPKI core is the RIPE NCC's software for creating and maintaining RPKI objects based on the registry's current status and publishing these in the repositories. The RIPE NCC hosts the authoritative repository internally. We use the repository on Github to publish the source code externally. The first commit is identical to the source code in the RIPE NCC's internal repository at the time of that commit. The changes between releases are squashed and published to this repository on deployment, and the `main` branch reflects the code used by the production CA. We encountered several challenges while preparing this project for an open-source release. The main challenges were that the system uses proprietary elements that were part of the revision history and cannot be made public. Furthermore, it was not possible to review all historic commits. We plan to present our challenges while open-sourcing this project at RIPE 84. If you have any questions about this change, please contact the RIPE NCC's RPKI team at rpki(a)ripe.net <mailto:rpki@ripe.net>. Kind Regards, Bart Bakker Senior Software Engineer RIPE NCC

6 6

Weekly Global IPv4 Routing Table Report
by Routing Table Analysis Role Account 11 Feb '22

11 Feb '22

This is an automated weekly mailing describing the state of the Global IPv4 Routing Table as seen from APNIC's router in Japan. The posting is sent to APOPS, NANOG, AfNOG, SANOG, PacNOG, SAFNOG TZNOG, MENOG, BJNOG, SDNOG, CMNOG, LACNOG and the RIPE Routing WG. Daily listings are sent to bgp-stats(a)lists.apnic.net. For historical data, please see https://thyme.apnic.net. If you have any comments please contact Philip Smith <pfsinoz(a)gmail.com>. IPv4 Routing Table Report 04:00 +10GMT Sat 12 Feb, 2022 BGP Table (Global) as seen in Japan. Report Website: https://thyme.apnic.net Detailed Analysis: https://thyme.apnic.net/current/ Analysis Summary ---------------- BGP routing table entries examined: 888216 Prefixes after maximum aggregation (per Origin AS): 334710 Deaggregation factor: 2.65 Unique aggregates announced (without unneeded subnets): 427455 Total ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 72833 Prefixes per ASN: 12.20 Origin-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 62489 Origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 25802 Transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 10344 Transit-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 368 Average AS path length visible in the Internet Routing Table: 4.3 Max AS path length visible: 53 Max AS path prepend of ASN (265020) 50 Prefixes from unregistered ASNs in the Routing Table: 962 Number of instances of unregistered ASNs: 965 Number of 32-bit ASNs allocated by the RIRs: 38545 Number of 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 32109 Prefixes from 32-bit ASNs in the Routing Table: 149645 Number of bogon 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 22 Special use prefixes present in the Routing Table: 1 Prefixes being announced from unallocated address space: 562 Number of addresses announced to Internet: 3068928512 Equivalent to 182 /8s, 236 /16s and 34 /24s Percentage of available address space announced: 82.9 Percentage of allocated address space announced: 82.9 Percentage of available address space allocated: 100.0 Percentage of address space in use by end-sites: 99.5 Total number of prefixes smaller than registry allocations: 300423 APNIC Region Analysis Summary ----------------------------- Prefixes being announced by APNIC Region ASes: 233450 Total APNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 65864 APNIC Deaggregation factor: 3.54 Prefixes being announced from the APNIC address blocks: 228289 Unique aggregates announced from the APNIC address blocks: 94179 APNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 12370 APNIC Prefixes per ASN: 18.46 APNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 3541 APNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1714 Average APNIC Region AS path length visible: 4.6 Max APNIC Region AS path length visible: 29 Number of APNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 7566 Number of APNIC addresses announced to Internet: 774475904 Equivalent to 46 /8s, 41 /16s and 144 /24s APNIC AS Blocks 4608-4864, 7467-7722, 9216-10239, 17408-18431 (pre-ERX allocations) 23552-24575, 37888-38911, 45056-46079, 55296-56319, 58368-59391, 63488-64098, 64297-64395, 131072-151865 APNIC Address Blocks 1/8, 14/8, 27/8, 36/8, 39/8, 42/8, 43/8, 49/8, 58/8, 59/8, 60/8, 61/8, 101/8, 103/8, 106/8, 110/8, 111/8, 112/8, 113/8, 114/8, 115/8, 116/8, 117/8, 118/8, 119/8, 120/8, 121/8, 122/8, 123/8, 124/8, 125/8, 126/8, 133/8, 150/8, 153/8, 163/8, 171/8, 175/8, 180/8, 182/8, 183/8, 202/8, 203/8, 210/8, 211/8, 218/8, 219/8, 220/8, 221/8, 222/8, 223/8, ARIN Region Analysis Summary ---------------------------- Prefixes being announced by ARIN Region ASes: 258538 Total ARIN prefixes after maximum aggregation: 119014 ARIN Deaggregation factor: 2.17 Prefixes being announced from the ARIN address blocks: 258644 Unique aggregates announced from the ARIN address blocks: 123403 ARIN Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 18983 ARIN Prefixes per ASN: 13.63 ARIN Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 6899 ARIN Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1960 Average ARIN Region AS path length visible: 3.8 Max ARIN Region AS path length visible: 35 Number of ARIN region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 4342 Number of ARIN addresses announced to Internet: 1295964160 Equivalent to 77 /8s, 62 /16s and 216 /24s ARIN AS Blocks 1-1876, 1902-2042, 2044-2046, 2048-2106 (pre-ERX allocations) 2138-2584, 2615-2772, 2823-2829, 2880-3153 3354-4607, 4865-5119, 5632-6655, 6912-7466 7723-8191, 10240-12287, 13312-15359, 16384-17407 18432-20479, 21504-23551, 25600-26591, 26624-27647, 29696-30719, 31744-33791 35840-36863, 39936-40959, 46080-47103 53248-55295, 62464-63487, 64198-64296, 393216-401308 ARIN Address Blocks 3/8, 4/8, 6/8, 7/8, 8/8, 9/8, 11/8, 12/8, 13/8, 15/8, 16/8, 17/8, 18/8, 19/8, 20/8, 21/8, 22/8, 23/8, 24/8, 26/8, 28/8, 29/8, 30/8, 32/8, 33/8, 34/8, 35/8, 38/8, 40/8, 44/8, 47/8, 48/8, 50/8, 52/8, 53/8, 54/8, 55/8, 56/8, 57/8, 63/8, 64/8, 65/8, 66/8, 67/8, 68/8, 69/8, 70/8, 71/8, 72/8, 73/8, 74/8, 75/8, 76/8, 96/8, 97/8, 98/8, 99/8, 100/8, 104/8, 107/8, 108/8, 128/8, 129/8, 130/8, 131/8, 132/8, 134/8, 135/8, 136/8, 137/8, 138/8, 139/8, 140/8, 142/8, 143/8, 144/8, 146/8, 147/8, 148/8, 149/8, 152/8, 155/8, 156/8, 157/8, 158/8, 159/8, 160/8, 161/8, 162/8, 164/8, 165/8, 166/8, 167/8, 168/8, 169/8, 170/8, 172/8, 173/8, 174/8, 184/8, 192/8, 198/8, 199/8, 204/8, 205/8, 206/8, 207/8, 208/8, 209/8, 214/8, 215/8, 216/8, RIPE Region Analysis Summary ---------------------------- Prefixes being announced by RIPE Region ASes: 253719 Total RIPE prefixes after maximum aggregation: 116382 RIPE Deaggregation factor: 2.18 Prefixes being announced from the RIPE address blocks: 250101 Unique aggregates announced from the RIPE address blocks: 148984 RIPE Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 28185 RIPE Prefixes per ASN: 8.87 RIPE Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 12134 RIPE Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 3977 Average RIPE Region AS path length visible: 4.3 Max RIPE Region AS path length visible: 32 Number of RIPE region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 10644 Number of RIPE addresses announced to Internet: 713448576 Equivalent to 42 /8s, 134 /16s and 92 /24s RIPE AS Blocks 1877-1901, 2043, 2047, 2107-2136, 2585-2614 (pre-ERX allocations) 2773-2822, 2830-2879, 3154-3353, 5377-5631 6656-6911, 8192-9215, 12288-13311, 15360-16383 20480-21503, 24576-25599, 28672-29695 30720-31743, 33792-35839, 38912-39935 40960-45055, 47104-52223, 56320-58367 59392-61439, 61952-62463, 64396-64495 196608-213403 RIPE Address Blocks 2/8, 5/8, 25/8, 31/8, 37/8, 46/8, 51/8, 62/8, 77/8, 78/8, 79/8, 80/8, 81/8, 82/8, 83/8, 84/8, 85/8, 86/8, 87/8, 88/8, 89/8, 90/8, 91/8, 92/8, 93/8, 94/8, 95/8, 109/8, 141/8, 145/8, 151/8, 176/8, 178/8, 185/8, 188/8, 193/8, 194/8, 195/8, 212/8, 213/8, 217/8, LACNIC Region Analysis Summary ------------------------------ Prefixes being announced by LACNIC Region ASes: 113955 Total LACNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 27367 LACNIC Deaggregation factor: 4.16 Prefixes being announced from the LACNIC address blocks: 114689 Unique aggregates announced from the LACNIC address blocks: 48536 LACNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 10944 LACNIC Prefixes per ASN: 10.48 LACNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 2676 LACNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 2210 Average LACNIC Region AS path length visible: 4.9 Max LACNIC Region AS path length visible: 53 Number of LACNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 8630 Number of LACNIC addresses announced to Internet: 176510208 Equivalent to 10 /8s, 133 /16s and 85 /24s LACNIC AS Blocks 26592-26623, 27648-28671, 52224-53247, 61440-61951, 64099-64197, 262144-273820 + ERX transfers LACNIC Address Blocks 177/8, 179/8, 181/8, 186/8, 187/8, 189/8, 190/8, 191/8, 200/8, 201/8, AfriNIC Region Analysis Summary ------------------------------- Prefixes being announced by AfriNIC Region ASes: 27592 Total AfriNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 5367 AfriNIC Deaggregation factor: 5.14 Prefixes being announced from the AfriNIC address blocks: 35931 Unique aggregates announced from the AfriNIC address blocks: 11875 AfriNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1593 AfriNIC Prefixes per ASN: 22.56 AfriNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 552 AfriNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 312 Average AfriNIC Region AS path length visible: 5.1 Max AfriNIC Region AS path length visible: 34 Number of AfriNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 927 Number of AfriNIC addresses announced to Internet: 108164608 Equivalent to 6 /8s, 114 /16s and 118 /24s AfriNIC AS Blocks 36864-37887, 327680-329727 & ERX transfers AfriNIC Address Blocks 41/8, 45/8, 102/8, 105/8, 154/8, 196/8, 197/8, APNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ---------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 9808 9059 8886 46 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communicati 7545 5867 788 691 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 4681 4192 74 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Rese 7552 3596 1330 20 VIETEL-AS-AP Viettel Group, VN 7713 3484 1038 51 TELKOMNET-AS-AP PT Telekomunikasi Indon 45899 3435 1880 57 VNPT-AS-VN VNPT Corp, VN 4766 2557 11123 631 KIXS-AS-KR Korea Telecom, KR 9498 2317 475 235 BBIL-AP BHARTI Airtel Ltd., IN 45090 2170 1438 79 TENCENT-NET-AP Shenzhen Tencent Compute 4755 2114 429 198 TATACOMM-AS TATA Communications formerl Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-APNIC ARIN Region per AS prefix count summary --------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 16509 6241 10151 2680 AMAZON-02, US 11492 4514 299 785 CABLEONE, US 22773 3963 3028 367 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US 7155 3902 264 30 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE, US 16625 3650 1883 2564 AKAMAI-AS, US 6327 3376 1318 63 SHAW, CA 749 2887 50780 2143 DNIC-AS-00749, US 30036 2608 374 150 MEDIACOM-ENTERPRISE-BUSINESS, US 209 2519 4962 428 CENTURYLINK-US-LEGACY-QWEST, US 20115 2253 3036 500 CHARTER-20115, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-ARIN RIPE Region per AS prefix count summary --------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 12479 6801 1715 152 UNI2-AS, ES 9121 6745 1692 17 TTNET, TR 8551 4004 378 39 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Interne 20940 3887 3347 207 AKAMAI-ASN1, NL 39891 3274 188 25 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 12389 2961 2274 910 ROSTELECOM-AS, RU 9009 2469 250 1285 M247, GB 34984 2225 358 604 TELLCOM-AS, TR 47331 1953 312 1490 TTNET, TR 58224 1792 929 580 TCI, IR Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-RIPE LACNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ----------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 8151 10268 3415 566 Uninet S.A. de C.V., MX 10620 3458 519 719 Telmex Colombia S.A., CO 11830 2456 369 62 Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad 13999 1666 284 474 Mega Cable, S.A. de C.V., MX 6503 1441 354 524 Axtel, S.A.B. de C.V., MX 28573 1400 2330 246 CLARO S.A., BR 3816 1246 651 148 COLOMBIA TELECOMUNICACIONES S.A. ESP, C 26615 1149 2351 140 TIM SA, BR 6147 1096 369 21 Telefonica del Peru S.A.A., PE 11664 1001 191 447 Techtel LMDS Comunicaciones Interactiva Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-LACNIC AfriNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ------------------------------------------ ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 24863 1607 393 21 LINKdotNET-AS, EG 24835 1546 515 32 RAYA-AS, EG 36992 1299 1518 262 ETISALAT-MISR, EG 36903 1195 543 114 MT-MPLS, MA 29571 895 63 57 ORANGE-COTE-IVOIRE, CI 36935 735 521 39 Vodafone-, EG 6713 612 1863 34 IAM-AS, MA 15399 519 50 33 WANANCHI-, KE 37342 468 32 1 MOVITEL, MZ 23889 422 232 16 MauritiusTelecom, MU Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-AFRINIC Global Per AS prefix count summary ---------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 8151 10268 3415 566 Uninet S.A. de C.V., MX 9808 9059 8886 46 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communicati 12479 6801 1715 152 UNI2-AS, ES 9121 6745 1692 17 TTNET, TR 16509 6241 10151 2680 AMAZON-02, US 7545 5867 788 691 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 4681 4192 74 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Rese 11492 4514 299 785 CABLEONE, US 8551 4004 378 39 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Interne 22773 3963 3028 367 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet Global Per AS Maximum Aggregation summary ----------------------------------------- ASN No of nets Net Savings Description 9808 9059 9013 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communications Grou 9121 6745 6728 TTNET, TR 12479 6801 6649 UNI2-AS, ES 7545 5867 5176 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 4681 4607 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Research Net 8551 4004 3965 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Internet Backbo 7155 3902 3872 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE, US 11492 4514 3729 CABLEONE, US 20940 3887 3680 AKAMAI-ASN1, NL 22773 3963 3596 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-CIDRnet List of Unregistered Origin ASNs (Global) ----------------------------------------- Bad AS Designation Net Originated Transit AS Transit AS Name 46990 UNALLOCATED 8.5.242.0/23 3356 LEVEL3, US 62828 UNALLOCATED 8.21.130.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 393266 UNALLOCATED 8.23.52.0/24 46887 LIGHTOWER, US 18604 UNALLOCATED 8.25.204.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 394936 UNALLOCATED 8.33.224.0/24 22442 HOU-PHONOSCOPE, US 54338 UNALLOCATED 8.33.241.0/24 6461 ZAYO-6461, US 395438 UNALLOCATED 8.42.206.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 395056 UNALLOCATED 8.45.133.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US 32306 UNALLOCATED 8.46.80.0/24 33652 CMCS, US 17033 UNALLOCATED 8.48.225.0/24 3356 LEVEL3, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-badAS Prefixes from the Special Purpose Address Registry (Global) ----------------------------------------------------------- Prefix Origin AS Description 192.88.99.0/24 6939 HURRICANE, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-spar Advertised Unallocated Addresses -------------------------------- Unassigned Network ASN Information AS Name 23.141.0.0/24 Origin: 395350 UNASSIGNED 23.141.0.0/24 Transit: 11426 TWC-11426-CAROLINAS, US 23.252.160.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.160.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US 23.252.161.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.161.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US 23.252.163.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.163.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US 23.252.164.0/24 Origin: 398968 GROUP-IID-01, US 23.252.164.0/24 Transit: 174 COGENT-174, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-add-IANA Number of prefixes announced per prefix length (Global) ------------------------------------------------------- /1:0 /2:0 /3:0 /4:0 /5:0 /6:0 /7:0 /8:16 /9:13 /10:40 /11:102 /12:305 /13:590 /14:1204 /15:2034 /16:13577 /17:8355 /18:13897 /19:25165 /20:43382 /21:52167 /22:108288 /23:95228 /24:523062 /25:791 /26:0 /27:0 /28:0 /29:0 /30:0 /31:0 /32:0 Advertised prefixes smaller than registry allocations ----------------------------------------------------- ASN No of nets Total ann. Description 9121 5908 6745 TTNET, TR 12479 5765 6801 UNI2-AS, ES 8151 3943 10268 Uninet S.A. de C.V., MX 8551 3469 4004 BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Internet Backbo 11492 3436 4514 CABLEONE, US 6327 3187 3376 SHAW, CA 7155 2992 3902 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE, US 22773 2956 3963 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC, US 39891 2810 3274 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 30036 2263 2608 MEDIACOM-ENTERPRISE-BUSINESS, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-sXXas-nos Number of /24s announced per /8 block (Global) ---------------------------------------------- 1:1924 2:996 3:153 4:7 5:3744 6:103 7:5 8:1559 9:1 11:172 12:1720 13:415 14:2386 15:160 16:39 17:368 18:137 20:167 21:4 22:188 23:5486 24:2337 25:6 27:2585 29:19 31:2414 32:98 34:1 35:58 36:1734 37:3947 38:2518 39:681 40:149 41:3924 42:1058 43:2091 44:288 45:15960 46:3885 47:303 49:1639 50:1913 51:107 52:1361 53:1 54:293 55:755 56:8 57:55 58:1764 59:1165 60:959 61:2266 62:2442 63:1938 64:5499 65:2307 66:4901 67:2932 68:1177 69:4165 70:1347 71:672 72:3056 74:2630 75:1515 76:717 77:2120 78:3810 79:3099 80:1951 81:1663 82:1457 83:1194 84:1336 85:3625 86:714 87:1952 88:2621 89:3190 90:506 91:7533 92:1886 93:2595 94:3262 95:4488 96:1309 97:345 98:988 99:862 100:75 101:1032 102:1960 103:28252 104:4137 105:463 106:812 107:2459 108:768 109:4182 110:2058 111:3258 112:1965 113:1531 114:1535 115:1955 116:1896 117:2496 118:2328 119:1827 120:1667 121:1031 122:2543 123:2110 124:1611 125:2090 128:1348 129:1201 130:926 131:2084 132:760 133:370 134:1925 135:287 136:860 137:861 138:2436 139:1221 140:883 141:1354 142:1255 143:1443 144:1230 145:344 146:1770 147:1471 148:2218 149:1686 150:857 151:1078 152:1825 153:448 154:3591 155:1340 156:1878 157:1221 158:1012 159:2044 160:2402 161:1301 162:3447 163:1217 164:1662 165:1573 166:633 167:1692 168:3703 169:682 170:4335 171:824 172:3002 173:3061 174:1024 175:1128 176:3519 177:4603 178:3031 179:1994 180:2286 181:2928 182:3243 183:1920 184:2391 185:19285 186:4293 187:3573 188:3809 189:3020 190:8841 191:1316 192:11033 193:8516 194:6917 195:4983 196:2923 197:2359 198:5997 199:6008 200:7507 201:5660 202:10402 203:9993 204:4541 205:3357 206:3852 207:3403 208:4009 209:4631 210:4235 211:2454 212:3942 213:3378 214:1158 215:64 216:6382 217:2652 218:1247 219:600 220:1955 221:988 222:857 223:2173 End of report

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