In the domain world at least, there are 1. A registrar 2. A tld / ccTLD That have oversight over a domain and an abuse management role related to it. If the registrar is not responsive, it is not unknown for the ccTLD or TLD to action a large number of domains related to a persistent / long running issue when it is brought to their attention. Any further action they, or ICANN, later take related to the offending registrar is much rarer – in the case of, for example, Estdomains several years back, that was a famous example. --srs On 11/08/16, 7:00 PM, "anti-abuse-wg on behalf of Sascha Luck [ml]" <anti-abuse-wg-bounces@ripe.net on behalf of aawg@c4inet.net> wrote: FWIW, if a LIR is consistently and wilfully creates fraudulent records in the ripedb you can make a complaint and the NCC has sanctions available up to and including closure of the offending LIR. I sincerely hope that this requires a better standard of evidence than "It is self evident that they are evil criminals!!111!"